Sebaceous Nevus

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Sebaceous Nevus

Sebaceous nevus is a hamartoma composed of sebaceous glands, also known as organoid nevus. Sebaceous nevus is more common. It occurs more often at birth or shortly after birth. It usually occurs on the head and neck, especially on the scalp. The changes in tissue appearance with age can also be roughly divided into three periods. In infancy or childhood, in addition to mild hyperplasia of the epidermis, small incompletely differentiated hair follicle structures can be seen, and sebaceous glands are underdeveloped. In puberty, the epidermis is warty-like or papilloma-like hyperplasia, and a large number of mature or nearly mature sebaceous glands are seen in the dermis.

Treatment measures for sebaceous nevus

In order to prevent the occurrence of tumors, complete surgical resection is necessary, and treatments such as electrocautery and laser can also be done.

Pathological changes of sebaceous nevus

The changes in tissue appearance with age can also be roughly divided into three periods. In infancy or childhood, in addition to mild hyperplasia of the epidermis, small incompletely differentiated hair follicle structures can be seen, and sebaceous glands are underdeveloped. In puberty, the epidermis is warty-like or papilloma-like hyperplasia, and a large number of mature or nearly mature sebaceous glands are seen in the dermis. Fully developed apocrine glands can be seen in the deep dermis below the lobules of the sebaceous glands or in the subcutaneous fat. At the later stage of the skin lesions, there is a tendency to develop accessory tumors, and about 10% to 15% of cases develop basal cell carcinoma.

Clinical manifestations

Sebaceous nevus is more common. It occurs more often at birth or shortly after birth. It usually occurs on the head and neck, especially on the scalp. Most are single shots and a few are multiple shots. The rash is a well-defined, raised round nodule, pale yellow to gray-brown, with a waxy appearance. There is no hair growth on the damaged surface of the scalp. In puberty, the damage thickens and expands, and the surface is papilloma-like, and the yellow is obvious. Adult sebaceous nevus becomes wart-like and has a firm texture. A small number of patients may develop accessory tumors, such as sweat gland tumors, or even metastasize on the basis of this disease.

Differential diagnosis of sebaceous nevus

According to the age of onset, the location and manifestations of the rash are not difficult to diagnose. Sometimes it needs to be distinguished from juvenile xanthogranuloma, verrucous nevus, and papillary sweat duct cystadenoma. At this time, pathological examination is required.

complication

The changes in tissue appearance with age can also be roughly divided into three periods. In infancy or childhood, in addition to mild hyperplasia of the epidermis, small incompletely differentiated hair follicle structures can be seen, and sebaceous glands are underdeveloped. In puberty, the epidermis is warty-like or papilloma-like hyperplasia, and a large number of mature or nearly mature sebaceous glands are seen in the dermis. Fully developed apocrine glands can be seen in the deep dermis below the lobules of the sebaceous glands or in the subcutaneous fat. At the later stage of the skin lesions, there is a tendency to develop accessory tumors, and about 10% to 15% of cases develop basal cell carcinoma.