Rumors of incompatibility between mother and child

Interpretation of maternal and infant blood group incompatibility

Maternal and infant blood type incompatibility is related to blood type . Hemolytic diseases that occur due to blood type incompatibility between pregnant women and fetuses occur in the fetal period and early neonatal period. The red blood cells in the fetus are agglutinated and destroyed, which is an important cause of hemolysis in the fetus or newborn.

The red blood cells of the fetus carry antigens from the father, so the blood type of the fetus may be different from that of the mother. If the blood group antigen inherited by the fetus from the father is lacking in the pregnant woman’s body, then when the fetus’s red blood cells enter the mother’s blood circulation, it will induce the mother’s immune system to produce corresponding antibodies, and the antibodies will then enter the fetus through the blood circulation and the placenta. In the body, it will cause a series of immune responses. This antibody can bind to the red blood cells of the fetus, causing it to agglutinate and destroy, leading to hemolysis.

Manifestations after blood group incompatibility

The most common maternal and infant blood type incompatibility is that the mother's blood type is o type, and the baby is type a or type b. This kind of mother-child abo blood type incompatibility is not uncommon in pregnancy, accounting for about 20%, but the final hemolysis of newborns is rare, accounting for only 1/150 of such pregnant women, and most of the symptoms are very mild, so often Ignored by parents. Among them, only about one-fifth of babies may develop jaundice, and the symptoms are much milder than rh hemolytic disease.

Hemolysis caused by abo blood type incompatibility often occurs in the first fetus. However, the clinical symptoms of fetal and neonatal hemolysis in the first fetal blood type incompatibility are mild. The fetal period is generally asymptomatic, and the severe cases can be miscarriage, stillbirth, etc., and The stillbirth rate during childbirth is also high, and newborns can be manifested as mild to moderate anemia and jaundice.

Newborns with severe hemolysis will develop symptoms such as jaundice, anemia, malaise, non-feeding, vomiting, etc., and some may even have convulsions and convulsions. It is medically called kernicterus. In severe cases, it can occur after the onset Died within 3 to 5 days. When kernicterus occurs, most of the babies who survived treatment also have sequelae such as intellectual and motor insufficiency.